Skip to content. | Skip to navigation


Personal tools
 

Calum MacAulay, PhD

Head, Integrative Oncology

Calum photo

cmacaula@bccrc.ca     Rm 6-110 ▪ 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, B.C., V5Z 1L3, Canada

Current Appointments:

Head - Integrative Oncology Department

Distinguished Scientist - Imaging Unit, Integrative Oncology Department

Clinical Associate Professor - Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia

Administration:

klemmen@bccancer.bc.ca  Karen Lemmen - Administrative Manager - Integrative Oncology

sorme@bccancer.bc.ca  Stacey Orme - Administrative Coordinator - Integrative Oncology

Training:

University of British Columbia     Ph.D.    Physics    1989

Dalhousie University                  M.Sc.    Physics    1984

Dalhousie University                  B.Sc.    Engineering Physics   1982

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Research Interests:

My research focuses on the research and development of new means for the detection, grading, and treatment of early, non-invasive cancer and to see these means used clinically. It has long been, recognized that all cancer can be successfully treated at an early stage, including cancer of the lung, breast, cervix, colon and prostate. Towards this goal the multi-disciplinary in which I participate have developed several new devices employing solid state sensors and advanced light sources coupled with computer technology. These devices make previously invisible early cancers readily detectable. We developed a device called the Light Induced Fluorescence Endoscope (LIFE), enabling a more than 2X improvement in early lung cancer detection.

As part of NCI/NIH program grant I participate as part of a multi-disciplinary group to develop, apply and test new macroscopic and microscopic optical technologies for the detection and grading of preinvasive cervical interepithelial neoplasias (CIN).

Another system which we developed is a fully automated microscope which can scan microscope slides for the presence of cancerous cells. This device, too, has now been used in clinical trials for detection of early cervical cancer as well as in research for the lung and the breast and is currently being optimized for monolayer cervical smears. Subtle changes in cells, invisible to the human eye, can now be detected with the automated microscope which indicates the presence of cancerous growth, even in the absence of traditionally diagnostic cells. This effect is known as Malignancy Associated Changes (MAC). This is particularly useful in the quantitative screening of sputum cytology which is the only non-invasive method for detecting early non-invasive lung cancer. To better understand the development of normal tissue into invasive neoplasia we have developed and continue to develop tools to measure nuclear morphology and tissue architecture. The measurements from these tools are being used to quantify this development process and to understand the process through mathematical models.

As part of investigating these areas it became obvious that in the interpretation of biopsies much information was being lost in the translation from a three dimensional biopsy to a two dimensional section. To address this issue we are currently working on two new novel methods of DMD (digital micromirror device, TI) enabled three dimensional microscopic imaging (confocal and tomographic reconstruction microscopy). In addition we are also developing confocal in vivo endoscopic applications.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Publications

Refereed Journals

2012

  • Buys, T.P.H., Cantor, S.B., Guillaud, M., Adler-Storthz, K., Cox, D.D., Okolo, C., Arulogon, O., Oladepo, O., Basen-Engquist, K., Shinn, E., Yamal, J.M., Beck, J.R., Scheurer, M., van Niekerk, D., Malpica, A., Matisic, J., Staerkel, G., Atkinson, E.N., Bidaut, L., Lane, P., Benedet, J.L., Miller, D., Ehlen, T., Price, R., Adewole, I.F., MacAulay, C., Follen, M.: Optical Technologies and Molecular Imaging for Cervical Neoplasia: A program project update, Gender Medicine 9(1S):S9-S24, 2012.
  • Li, G., Guillaud, M., leRiche, J., McWilliams, A., Gazdar, A., Lam, S., and MacAulay, C.: Automated sputum cytometry for detection of intraepithelial neoplasias in the lung. Analytical Cellular Pathology 35:1-15, 2012.
  • Lane, P., Follen, M., and MacAulay, C.: Has fluorescence spectroscopy come of age? A case series or oral precancers and cancers using white light, fluorescent light 405nm, and reflected light at 545 nm using the Trimeria Identifi 3000. Gender Medicine 9(1S):S25-S35, 2012.
  • Cecic, I., Li, G., and MacAulay, C.: Technologies supporting analytical cytology: Clinical, research and drug discovery applications.  Journal of Biophotonics, Jan. 2012. (Epub ahead of print).
  • Thu, K.L., Vucic, E.A., Chari, R., Zhang, W., Lockwood, W.W., English, J.C., Fu, R., Wang, P., Feng, Z., MacAulay, C.E., Gazdar, A.F., Lam, S., Lam, W.L: Lung adenocarcinoma of never smokers and smokers harbor differential regions of genetic alteration and exhibit different levels of genomic instability.  PLoS One 7(3):e33003, 2012.
  • Lane, P., Lam, S., Follen, M., MacAulay, C.: Oral Fluorescence imaging using 405-um excitation, aiding the discrimination of cancers and precancers by indentifying changes in collagen and elastic breakdown and neovascularization in the underlying stroma.  Gender Medicine Feb;9(1 Suppl):S78-S82, e8. PMID:22340643, 2012.  
  • Shinn, E., Qazi, U., Gera, S., Brodovsky, J., Simpson, J., Follen, M., Basen-Engquist, K., MacAulay, C.: Physician attitude toward dissemination of optical spectroscopy devices for cervical cancer control: an industrial-academic collaborative study.  Gender Medicine Feb;9(1Suppl):S67-S77.e6.PMID:22340642, 2012.

2011

  • Cantor, S., Yamal, J.M., Guillaud, M., Cox, D.D., Atkinson, E.N., Benedet, J.L., Miller, D., Ehlen, T., Matisic, J., vanNiekerk, D., Bertrand, M., Milbourne, A., Rhodes, H., Malpica, A., Staerkel, G., Nader-Eftekhari, S., Adler-Storthz, K., Scheurer, M.E., Basen-Engquist, K., Shinn, E., West, L.A., Vlastos, A-T., Tao, X., Beck, J.B., MacAulay, C. and Follen, M.:  Accuracy of optical spectroscopy for the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: Testing a device as an adjunct to colposcopy. Int. J. of Cancer Mar 1;128(5):1151-68, 2011.
  • McAlpine, J.N., El Hallani, S., Lam, S.F., Kalloger, S.E., Luk, M., Huntsman, D.G., MacAulay, C., Gilks, G.B., Miller, D.M., and Lane, P.M.:  Autofluorescence imaging can identify preinvasive or clinically occult lesions in the fallopian tube epithelium: a promising step towards screening and early detection. Gynecolgoic Oncology 120(3):385-92, 2011.
  • Poh, C.F., Durham, J.S., Brasher, P.M., Anderson, D.W., Berean, K.W., MacAulay, C.E., Lee, J.J., Rosin, M.P.: Canadian optically-guided approach for oral lesions surgical (COOLS) trial: Study protocol for a randomized controlled tiral.  BMC Cancer 11:462, 2011.
  • Poh, C.F., MaCaulay, C., Laronde, D.M., Williams, P.M., Zhang, L., Rosin, M.P.: Squamous cell carcinoma and precursor lesions: diagnosis and screening in a technical era.  Peridontal 2000, Oct;57(1):73-88, 2011.
  • Thu, K.L., Pikor, L.A., Chari, R., Wilson, I.M., MacAulay, C., English, J.C., Tsao, M.S., Gazdar, A.F., Lam, S., Lam, W.L., Lockwood, W.W.: Genetic disruption of KEAP1/CUL3 E2 ubiquitin ligase complex components is a key mechanism of NF-kappaB pathway activation in lung cancer.  J Thorac Oncol. Sep;6(9):1521-9, 2011.
  • Gibb, E.A., Enfield, K.S., Stewart, G.L., Lonergan, K., Chari, R., Ng, R.T., Zhang, L., MacAulay, C.E., Rosin, M.P., Lam, W.L.: Long non-coding RNAs are expressed in oral mucosa and altered in oral premalignant lesions. Oral Oncol. 47(11):1055-61, 2011.
  • Gibb, E.A., Vucic, E.A., Enfield, K.S., Stewart, G.L., Lonergan, K.M., Kennett, J.Y., Becker-Santos, D.D., MacAulay, C., Lam, S., Brown, C.J., Lam, W.L.: Human cancer long non-coding RNA transcriptomes. PLoS One 6(10):e25915, 2011.

2010

  • Dong, X., Guan, J., English, J.C., Flint, J., Yee, J., Evans, K., Murray, N., MacAulay, C., Ng, R.T., Gout, P.W., Lam, W.L., Laskin, J., Ling, V., Lam, S. and Wang, Y.:  Patient-derived first generation xenografts of non-small cell lung cancers: promising tools for predicting drug responses for personalized chemotherapy. Clin Cancer Res 16(5):1442-51, 2010.
  • Ishizumi, T., McWilliams, A., MacAulay, C., Gazdar, A. and Lam, S.:  Natural history of bronchial preinvasive lesions.  Cancer Metastasis Rev. 29(1):5-14, 2010. 
  • Chari, R., Thu, K., Wilson, I., Lockwood, W., Lonergan, K., Coe, B., Malloff, C., Gazdar, A., Lam, S., Garnis, C., MacAulay, C., Alvarez, C., and Lam, W.:  Integrating the multiple dimensions of genomic and epigenomic landscapes of cancer. Cancer and Metastasis Rev. 29(1):5-14, 2010.
  • Lonergan, K., Chari, R., Coe, B., Wilson, I., Tsao, M.S., Ng, R., MacAulay, C., Lam, S., and Lam. W.:  Transcriptome profiles of carcinoma-in-situ and invasive non-small cell lung cancer as revealed by SAGE.  PLoS One, 11;5(2):e9162, 2010. 
  •  Coe, B.P., Chari, R., MacAulay, C., Lam, W.L.: FACADE: a fast and sensitive algorithm for the segmentation and calling of high resolution array CGH data.  Nucleic Acids Res. June 15, 2010. 2010 Aug;38(15):e157

  • Guillaud, M., Clem, C., and MacAulay, C.:  Idefics: In silico Platform for the Study of Epithelial Preneoplastic Processes. Biosystems. Oct;102(1):22-31, 2010

  • Chari, R., Lonergan, K., Coe, B., Qi Zhu, C., Chan, T.W., MacAulay, C., Tsao, M.S., Lam, S., Ng, R., Lam, W.:  A sequenced-based approach to identify reference genes for gene expression analysis. BMC Med Genomics, Aug. 3:3:32, 2010.

  • Yamal, J-M., Cox, D., Atkinson, N., MacAulay, C., Price, R., and Follen, M.: Repeatability of spectroscopic tissue measurement for the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Biomedical Optics Express, 1(2):641-657, 2010.

  • Lockwood, W.W., Chari, R., Coe, B.P., Thu, K.L., Garnis, C., Malloff, C.A., Campbell, J., Williams, A.C., Hwang, D., Zhu, C.Q., Buys, T.P.H., Yee, J., English, J.C., MacAulay, C., Tsao, M.S., Gazdar, A.F., Minna, J.D., Lam, S., and Lam, W.L.: Integrative genomic analyses identify BRF2 as a novel lineage-specific oncogene in lung squamous cell carcinoma. PLoS Med 7(7):e1000315, 2010.

  • Garner, D., Guillaud, M., and MacAulay, C.: DNA Ploidy cytometry testing for cervical cancer screening in China - letter. Clin. Cancer Res. 16:3517, 2010.

 2009

  • Lane, P.M., Lam, S., McWilliams, A., leRiche, J., Anderson, M., and MacAulay, C.: Confocal Fluorescence Microendoscopy of Bronchial Epithelium. Journal of Biomedical Optics, Mar-Apr 14(2):024008, 2009.
  • Poh, C., MacAulay, C., Zhang, L., and Rosin, M.:  Tracing the “At-Risk” Oral Mucosa Field with Autofluorescence: Steps Toward Clincal Impact.  Cancer Prev Res 2(5):401-404, 2009.
  • Soh, J., Okumura, N., Lockwood, W.W., Yamamoto, H., Sigematsu, H., Zhang, W., Chari, R., Shames, D., Tang, X., MacAulay, C., Varella-Garcia, M., Vooder, T., Wistuba, I.I., Lam, S., Brekken, R., Toyooka, S., Minna, J.D., Lam, W.L., Gazdar, A.F.:  Oncogene mutations, copy number gains and mutant allele specific imbalance (MASI) frequently occur together in tumor cells. PLoS One Oct 14;4(10):e7464, 2009. 
  • Lane, P. and MacAulay, C.:  Reflection-contrast limit of fiber-optic image guides.  Journal of Biomedical Optics 14(6):064028-1-7, 2009.

2008

  • Shadeo, A., Chari, R., Lonergan, K., Pusic, A., Miller, D., Ehlen, T., Van Niekerk, D., Matisic, J., Richards-Kortum, R., Follen, M., Guillaud, M., Lam, W., and MacAulay, C.:  Up regulation in gene expression of chromatin remodelling factors in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. BMC Genomics 9:64, 2008.
  • Rosin, M., Poh, C., Elwood, M., Williams, M., Gallagher, R., MacAulay, C., Lam, W., Auluck, A., Zhang, L., Hislop, G.:  New Hope for an Oral Cancer Solution:  Together We Can Make a Difference.  J Can Dent Assoc. 74(3):261-266, 2008.
  • Chen, J., Lam, S., Pilon, A., McWilliams, A., MacAulay, C., Szabo, E.:  Higher levels of the anti-inflammatory protein CC10 are associated with improvement in bronchial dysplasia and sputum cytometric assessment in individuals at high risk for lung cancer.  Clin Cancer Res. 14(5):1590-1597, 2008.
  • Lam, S., Standish, B., Baldwin, C., McWilliams, A., leRiche, J., Gazdar, A., Vitkin, A.I., Yang, V., Ikeda, N., MacAulay, C.:  In vivo optical coherence tomography imaging of preinvasive bronchial lesions. Clin Cancer Res. 14(7):2006-2011, 2008.
  • Park, S.Y., Follen, M., Milbourne, A., Rhodes, H., Malpica, A., MacKinnon, N., MacAulay, C., Markey, M.K., Richards-Kortum, R.:  Automated image analysis of digital colposcopy for the detection of cervical neoplasia. J Biomed Opt. 13(1):014029, 2008.
  • Guillaud, M., Zhang, L., Poh, C., Rosin, M., and MacAulay, C.:  Potential use of Quantitative Tissue Phenotype to Predict Malignant Risk for Oral Premalignant Lesions.  Cancer Research 68(9):3099-3107, 2008.
  • Chi, B., deLeeuw, R., Ng, R., MacAulay, C., Lam, W.:  MD-SeeGH: a platform for integrative analysis of multi-dimensional genomic data. BMC Bioinformatics 9:243, 2008.
  • Coe, B.P., MacAulay, C., Lam, W.L., Ylstra, B., Carvalho, B., Meijer, G.A.:  Comment re: a comparison of DNA copy number profiling platforms.  Cancer Research 68(10):4010, 2008.
  • Chari, R., Coe, B., Wedseltoft, C., Benetti, M., Wilson, I., Vucic, E., MacAulay, C., Ng, R., Lam, W.:  SIGMA2: A system for the integrative genomic multi-dimensional analysis of cancer genomes, epigenomes, and transcriptomes. BMC Bioinformatics 9:422, 2008.
  • Redden Weber, C., Schwartz, R., Atkinson, E.N, Cox, D.D., MacAulay, C., Follen, M., Richards-Kortum, R.:  Model-based analysis of reflectance and fluorescence spectra for in vivo detection of cervical dysplasia and cancer. J Biomed Opt. 13(6):064016, 2008.
  • Lee EHL, Chari R, Lam A, Ng RT, Yee J, English J, Evans KG, MacAulay C, Lam S, Lam WL:  Disruption of the non-canonical Wnt pathway in lung squamous cell carcinoma. Clinical Medicine: Oncology 2: 169-179, 2008.
  • Lockwood W.W., Chari R., Coe B.P., Girard L., MacAulay C., Lam S., Gazdar A.F., Minna J.D., Lam W.L.: DNA amplification is a ubiquitous mechanism of oncogene activation in lung and other cancers. Oncogene 27: 4615-4624, 2008.

2007

  • Poh, C.F., Ng, S.P., Williams, P.M., Zhang, L., Laronde, D.M., Lane, P., MacAulay, C., and Rosin, M.P.:  Direct Fluorescence Visualization of Clinically Occult High-Risk Oral Premalignant Disease Using a Simple Hand-Held Device.  Head & Neck (1):71-76, 2007.
  • Wong, K.K., deLeeuw, R.J., Dosanjh, N.S., Kimm, L.R., Cheng, Z., Horsman, D.E., MacAulay, C., Ng, R.T., Brown, C.J., Eichler, E.E., Lam, W.L.:  A comprehensive analysis of common copy-number variations in the human genome.  Am J Hum Genet. 80(1):91-104, 2007.
  • Lockwood, W.W., Coe, B.P., Williams, A.C., MacAulay, C., Lam, W.L.:  Whole genome tiling path array CGH analysis of segmental copy number alterations in cervical cancer cell lines.  Int J Cancer 120(2):436-43, 2007.
  • Coe, B.P., Ylstra, B., Carvalho, B., Meijer, G.A., MacAulay, C., Lam, W.:  Resolving the resolution of array CGH. Genomics 89(5):647-53, 2007.
  • Scheurer, M., Adler-Storthz, K., Guillaud, M., Tortolero, G., Follen, M., MacAulay, C.: Human Papillomavirus-related Cellular Changes measured by Cytometric Analysis of Dna Ploidy and Chromatin Texture. Cytometry: Part B – Clinical Cytometry, Sep;72(5):324-31, 2007.
  • Rosin, M., Poh, C., Guillaud, M., Williams, M., Zhang, L., MacAulay, C.:  Visualization and other emerging technologies as change makers for oral cancer prevention.  Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.  Ann NY Acad Sci. 1098:167-83, 2007.
  • Shadeo, A., Chari, R., Vatcher, g., Campbell, J., Lonergan, K.M., Matisic, J., van Niekerk, D., Ehlen, T., Miller, D., Follen, M., Lam, W.L., MacAulay, C.: Comprehensive serial analysis of gene expression of the cervical transcriptome.  BMC Genomics 8:142, 2007.
  • Kelloff, G.F., Sullivan, D.C., Baker, H., Clarke, L.P., Nordstrom, R., Tatum, J.L., et al: Workshop on imaging science development for cancer prevention and preemption.  Cancer Biomark. 3(1):1-33, 2007.
  • Freeberg, J.A., Serachitopol, D.M., MacKinnon, N., Price, R., Atkinson, E.N., Cox, D.D., MacAulay, C., Richards-Kortum, R., Follen, M., Pikkula, B.:  Fluorescence and reflectance device variability throughout the progression of a phase II clinical trial to detect and screen for cervical neoplasia using a fiber optic probe.  J Biomed Opt. 12(3):034015, 2007.
  • Korbelik, J., Cardeno, M., Matisic, J., MacAulay, C.:  Cytology Microarrays. Cellular Oncology, 29(5):435-442, 2007.
  • Pikkula, B.M., Shuhatovich, O., Price, R., Serachitopol D.M., Follen, M., MacKinnon, N., MacAulay, C., Richards-Kortum, R., Lee, J.S., Atkinson, E.N., Cox, D.D.: Instrumentation as a source of variability in the application of fluorescence spectroscopic devices for detecting cervical neoplasia. J Biomed Opt. (12)3:03415, 2007.
  • Thiberville, C., Guillaud, M., Lockwood, W., Lam, W., Follen, M., MacAulay, C.:  Multi-Scale System Biology Applied to Cervical Inter-epithelial Neoplasia. Gynecologic Oncology 107(1);Suppl 1:S72-S82, 2007.
  • Nakappan, S., Park, S.Y., Serachitopol, D., Price, R., Cardeno, M., Au, S., MacKinnon, N., MacAulay, C., Follen, M., Pikkula, B.:  Methodology of a real-time quality control for the Multi-spectral Digital Colposcope (MDC).  Gynecologic Oncology 107(1);Suppl 1:S215-S222, 2007.
  • Lee, J.S., Follen, M., MacAulay, C., Richards-Kortum, R., Pikkula, B., Serachitopol, D., Price, R., Cox, D.:  Sources of variability in fluorescence spectroscopic measurements in a phase II clinical trial of 850 patients. Gynecologic Oncology 107(1);Suppl 1:S260-S269, 2007.
  • Guillaud, M., Benedet, J.L., Follen, M., Crain, B.T., MacAulay, C.:  Scan-and-treat methodology using Azure A fast stain as a cost-effective cervical cancer screening alternative to visual inspection with acetic acid. Gynecologic Oncology 107(1);Suppl 1:S256-S259, 2007.
  • Van Niekerk, D., Guillaud, M., Matisic, J., Benedet, J.L., Rosbach K.J., Freeberg, A.J., Follen, M., MacAulay, C.:  p16 and MIB1 improves the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis of High Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions:  methodological issues in a report of 447 biopsies with consensus diagnosis and HPV HCII testing.  Gynecologic Oncology 107(1);Suppl 1:S233-S240, 2007.
  • Freeberg, J.A., Benedet, J.L., MacAulay, C., Richards-Kortum, R., West, L.A., Follen, M.:  The performance of Fluorescence and Reflectance Spectroscopy for the in vivo Diagnosis of Cervical Neoplasia; Point probe versus Mult-spectral Approaches.  Gynecologic Oncology 107(1);Suppl 1:S248-S255, 2007.
  • Cardenas-Turanzas, M., Freeberg, J.A., Benedet, J.L., Atkinson, N.E., Cox, D., Richards-Kortum, R., MacAulay, C., Follen, M., Cantor, S.: The Clinical Effectiveness of Optical Spectroscopy for the in vivo Diagnosis of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia: Where are we? Gynecologic Oncology 107(1);Suppl 1:S138-S146, 2007.
  • Freeberg, J.A., Benedet, J.L., West, L.A., Atkinson, E.N., MacAulay, C., Follen, M.:  The clinical effectiveness of Fluorescence and Reflectance Spectroscopy for the in vivo Diagnosis of Cervical Neoplasia; an Analysis by Phase of Trial Design. Gynecologic Oncology 107(1);Suppl 1:S270-S280, 2007.
  • Chari R, Lonergan KM, MacAulay C, Ng R, Lam S, Lam WL:  Effect of active smoking on the bronchial epithelium transcriptome. BMC Genomics. 29(8):297, 2007.
  • Buys, T.P.H., Chari, R., Lee, E.H.L., Zhang, M., MacAulay, C., Lam, S., Lam, W.L., Ling, V.:  Genetic changes in the evolution of multidrug resistance for cultured human ovarian cancer cells. Genes, Chromosomes & Cancer 46(12):1069-79, 2007.
  • Poh, C.F., Hislop, G., Currie, B., Lee, R., Sikorski, S., Zed, C., Zhang, L., MacAulay, C., Rosin, M.:  Oral cancer screening in a high-risk underserved community: Vancouver downtown eastside. J Health Care Poor Underserved, 18(4):767-78, 2007.
  • Laronde, D.M., Poh, C.F., Williams, P.M., Hislop, T.G., Zhang, L., MacAulay, C., Rosin, M.P.: A magic wand for the community dental office? Observations from the British Columbia Oral Cancer Prevention Program. J Can Dent Assoc. 73(7):607-9, 2007. 
  • Kneller, J., Ehlen, T., Matisic, J., Miller, D., Van Niekerk, D., Lam, W., Marra, M., Richards-Kortum, R., Follen, M., MacAulay, C., and Jones, S.:  Using LongSAGE to Detect Biomarkers of Cervical Cancer Potentially Amenable to Optical Contrast Agent Labelling.  Biomarker Insights 2:447-461, 2007
  • Wells, W.A., Barker, P.E., MacAulay, C., Novelli, M., Levenson, R.M., Crawford, J.M.:  Validation of novel optical imaging technologies: the pathologists view.  J Biomed Opt. 12(5):051801, 2007.

 2006

  • Lonergan, K., Chari, R., deLeeuw, R., Shadeo, A., Chi, B., Tsao, MS., Jones, S., Marra, M., Ling, V., Ng, R., MacAulay, M., Lam, S., Lam, W.  Identification of novel lung genes in bronchial epithelium by serial analysis of gene expression.  AM J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 35(6):651-661, 2006.
  • Lane, P., Gilhuly, T., Whitehead, P., Zeng, H., Poh, C., Ng, S., Williams, M., Zhang, L., Rosin, M., MacAulay, C.:  Simple Device for the Direct Visualization of Oral-Cavity Tissue Fluorescence.  Journal of Biomedical Optics. 11(2):024006-1-7, 2006.
  • Garnis, C., Davies, J.J., Buys, T.P.H., Tsao, M., Lam, S., MacAulay, C., Lam, W.L.:  Chromosome 5p Aberrations and Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Activation are Early Events in Lung Cancer. Oncogene. 24:4806-4812, 2006.
  • Garnis, C., Lockwood, W.W., Vucic, E., Ge, Y., Girard, L., Minna, J.D., Gazdar, A.F., Lam, S., MacAulay, C., Lam, W.L.:  High resolution analysis of non-small cell lung cancer cell lines by whole genome tiling path array CGH. International Journal of Cancer, 118(6):1556-1564, 2006.
  • Guillaud, M., Follen, M., MacAulay, C.:  Quantitative histopathological analysis of CIN sections.  Cellular Oncology 28(1/2):61-62, 2006.
  • Guillaud, M., Benedet, J.L., Cantor, S.B., Staerkel, S., Follen, M. and MacAulay, C.:  DNA ploidy compared to Human Papilloma Virus Testing (Hybrid Capture II) and Conventional Cervical cytology as a Primary Screening Test for Cervical High Grade Lesions and Cancer in 1555 Patients with Biopsy Confirmation.  Cancer 107(2):309-318, 2006.
  • Wilson, I., Davies, J., Weber, M., Brown, C., Alvarez, C., MacAulay, C., Schubeler, D., Lam, W.:  Epigenomics – Mapping the Methylome.  Cell Cycle 5(2):155-158, 2006.
  • Poh, C.F., Zhang, L., Anderson, D.W., Durham, S., Williams, P.M., Priddy, R.W., Berean, K.W., Ng, S., Tseng, O.L., MacAulay, C. and Rosin, M.P.:  Fluorescence Visualization Detection of Field Alterations in Margins of Oral Cancer Patients.  Clinical Cancer Res. 12(22):6716-6722, 2006.
  • Lockwood, W., Coe, B., Williams, A., MacAulay, C., Lam, W.:  Whole genome tiling path array CGH analysis of segmental copy number alterations in cervical cancer cell lines.  Int. J. Cancer 120(2):436-443, 2006.
  • Coe, B.P., Lee, E.H., Chi, B., Girard, L., Minna, J.D., Gazdar, A.F., Lam, S., MacAulay, C., Lam, W.L.: Gain of a region on 7p22.3, containing MAD1L1, is the most frequent event in small-cell lung cancer cell lines.  Genes in Chromosomes and Cancer, 45(1):11-9, 2006.
  • Coe, B.P., Lockwood, W.W., Girard, L., Chari, R., MacAulay, C., Lam, S., Gazdar, A.F., Minna J.D., Lam, W.L.: Differential regulation of cell cycle pathways in small cell and non-small cell lung cancer.  British Journal of Cancer 94:1927-35, 2006.
  • Arifler, D., MacAulay, C., Follen, M., Richards-Kortum, R.:  Spatially resolved reflectance spectroscopy for diagnosis of cervical precancer:  Monte Carlo modeling and comparison to clinical measurements. J Biomed Opt. 11(6):064027, 2006.
  • Lam, S., McWilliams, A., LeRiche, J., MacAulay, C., Wattenberg, L., Szabo, E.:  A phase I study of my-inositol for lung cancer prevention. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 15(8):1526-1531, 2006.
  • Chari R., Lockwood, W., Coe, B., Chu, A., Macey, D., Thomson, A., Davies, J., MacAulay, C., and Lam, W.:  SIGMA: A system for Integrative Genomic Microarray Analysis of Cancer Genomes. BMC Genomics 7:324, 2006.
  • Coe, B.P., Lockwood, W.W., Girard, L., Chari, R., MacAulay, C., Lam, S., Gazdar, A.F., Minna, J.D., Lam, W.L.:  Differential Regulation of Cell Cycle Pathways in Small Cell and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. British Journal of Cancer 94:1927-35, 2006.
  • Marin, N.M., MacKinnon, N., MacAulay, C., Chang, S.K., Atkinson, E.N., Cox, D., Serachitopol, D., Pikkula, B., Follen, M., Richards-Kortum, R.:  Calibration standards for multicenter clinical trials of fluorescence spectroscopy for in vivo diagnosis. J Biomed Optics 11(1):014010, 2006.
  • Khojasteh, M., Coe, B., Shah, S., Ward, R.K., Lam, W.L., MacAulay, C.:  A novel algorithm for the analysis of array CGH data.  Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Int., Conf., on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP) 2:1020-1023, 2006 

2005

  • Guillaud, M., leRiche, J., Dawe, C., Korbelik, J., Coldman, A., Wistuba, I., Park, I.W., Gazdar, A., Lam, S., MacAulay, C.:  Nuclear Morphometry as a Biomarker for Bronchial Intraepithelial Neoplasia:  Correlation with Genetic Damage and Cancer Development. Cytometry PartA 63A(1):34-40, 2005.
  • Park, S.Y., Collier, T., Aaron, J., Markey, M.K., Richards-Kortum, R., Sokolov, K., MacKinnon, N., MacAulay, C., Coghlan, L., Milbourne, A., Follen, M.:  Multispectral digital micrscopy for in vivo monitoring of oral neoplasia in the hamster cheek pouch model of carcinogenesis.  Optics Express 13(3):749-762, 2005.
  • Kamalov, R., Haskins, D., Guillaud, M., Harrison, A., Kemp, R., Chiu, D., Follen, M., MacAulay, C.:  A Java Application for Tissue Section Image Analysis.  Computer Methods in Programs in Biomedicine, 77(2):99-113, 2005.
  • MacKinnon, N., Stange, U., Lane, P., MacAulay, C., and Quatrevalet, M.:  Spectrally programmable light engine for in vitro or in vivo molecular imaging and spectroscopy.  Applied Optics 44(11):2033-2040, 2005.
  • Coe, B.P., Henderson, L.P., Garnis, C., Tsao, M.S., Gazdar, A.F., Minna, J., Lam, S., MacAulay, C., Lam, W.L.:  High resolution Chromosome 5p array CGH analysis of Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Cell Lines.   Genes Chromosomes and Cancer, 42(3):308-313, 2005.
  • Henderson, L-J., Coe, B., Lee, E., Girard, L., Gazdar, A., Minna, J., Lam, S., MacAulay, C., Lam, W.  Genomic and gene expression profiling of minute alterations of chromosome arm Ip in small-cell lung carcinoma cells.  British Journal of Cancer 92:1553-1560, 2005.
  • Cantor SB, Atkinson EA, Cardenas-Turanzas MD, Benedet JL, Follen M, MacAulay C.  Natural history of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a meta-analysis.  Acta Cytol  49:405-415, 2005.
  • Garnis, C., Campbell, J., Davies, J.J., MacAulay, C., Lam, S., Lam, W.L.:  Involvement of multiple developmental genes on chromosome 1p in lung tumorigenesis.  Human Molecular Genetics 14(4):475-82, 2005.
  • Garnis, C., Coe, B., MacAulay, C., Lam, W.:  High - resolution array CGH increases heterogeneity tolerance in the analysis of clinical samples.  Genomics 85(6):790-3, 2005.
  • Follen, M., Crain, S., MacAulay, C., Basen-Engquist, K., Cantor, S.B., Cox, D., Atkinson, N., MacKinnon, N., Guillaud, M., Richards-Kortum, R.:  Optical Technologies for Cervical Neoplasia: Update of an NCI Program Project Grant. Clin Adv Hematol Oncol. 3(1):41-53, 2005.
  • Guillaud, M., Adler-Storthz, K.,  Malpica, A., Staerkel, G., Matisic, J.,Van Niekirk, D., Cox, D.,  Poulin, N.,  Follen, M.,  and  MacAulay, C.:   Sub visual chromatin changes in cervical epithelium measured by texture image analysis and correlated with HPV.  4th International Conference on Cervical Cancer Gynecologic Oncology 99(3)(Supp. 1): S16-S23, 2005. 
  • Malpica, A., Matisic, J., Van Niekerk, D.,  Crum, C.,  Staerkel, G., Yamal, G.M., Guillaud, M.,  Cox, D., Atkinson, E.N., Adler-Storthz, K., Poulin, N., MacAulay C., and Follen, M.:  Kappa statistics to measure interrater and intrarater agreement for 1790 cervical biopsy specimens amongst twelve pathologists: qualitative histopathologic analysis and methodologic issues.  Gynecologic Oncology 4th International Conference on Cervical Cancer  99(3)(Supp 1): S38-S52, 2005.
  • Khojasteh M, Lam WL, Ward RK, Macaulay C.: A stepwise framework for the normalization of array CGH data. BMC Bioinformatics. 6(1):274, 2005.
  • Swartz, R., West, L., Boiko, I., Malpica, A., Guillaud, M., MacAulay, M., Follen, M., Atkinson, N., Cox, D.:  Classification using the cumulative log-odds in the quantitative pathologic diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the cervix. Gynecol Oncol.  99(3 Supp 1): S24-31, 2005.
  • Milbourne, A., Park, SY., Benedet, J.L., Miller, D., Ehlen, T., Rhodes, H., Malpica, A., Matisic, J., VanNiekerk, D., Atkinson, E.N., Hadad, N., MacKinnon, N., MacAulay, C., Richards-Kortum, R., Follen, M.:  Results of a pilot study of multispectral digital colposcopy for the in vivo detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Gynecol Oncol. 99(3 Suppl 1):S67-75, 2005.
  • Lee, J.S., Shuhatovich, O., Price, R., Pikkula, B., Follen, M., MacKinnon, N., MacAulay, C., Knight, B., Richards-Kortum, R., Cox, D.: Design and preliminary anlaysis of a study to assess intra-device variability of fluorescence spectroscopy instruments for detecting cervical neoplasia. Gynecol Oncol. 99(3 Suppl 1):S98-11, 2005.

2004

  • Garnis, C., MacAulay, C., Lam, S., Lam, W.L., Genetic alteration on 8q distinct from MYC in bronchial carcinoma In Situ lesions. Lung Cancer 44:403-404, 2004.
  • Guillaud, M., Cox, D., Storthz, K.A., Malpica, A., Staerkel, G., Matisic, J., Van Niekerk D, Poulin, N., Follen, M., MacAulay, C.:  Exploratory analysis of quantitative histopathology of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: objectivity, reproducibility, malignancy-associated changes, and human papillomavirus. Cytometry PartA 60A(1):81-89, 2004.
  • Guillaud M, Cox D, Malpica A, Staerkel G, Matisic J, Van Niekerk D, Storthz KA, Poulin N, Follen M, MacAulay C.: Quantitative histopathological analysis of cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia sections: methodological issues. Cellular Oncology, 26(1-2):31-43, 2004.
  • Chiu, D., Guillaud, M., Cox, D., Follen, M., MacAulay, C.:  Quality Assurance Using Statistical Process Control:  an Implementation for Image Cytometry.  Cellular Oncology 26(3):101-117, 2004.
  • Yamal, J.M., Cox, D., Hittelman, W., Boiko, I., Malpica, A., Guillaud, M., MacAulay, C., Follen, M., Vlastos, A.T.:  Quantitative Histopathology and Chromosome 9 Polysomy in a Clinical Trial of 4-HPR.  Gyn Onc 92(2):296-306, 2004.
  • Lam, S., leRiche, J., McWilliams, A., MacAulay, C., Dyachkova, Y., Szabo, E., Mayo, J., Schellenberg, R., Coldman, A., Hawk, E., Gazdar, A.:  A Randomized Phase IIb Trial of Pulmicort Turbuhaler (Budesonide) in People with Dysplasia of the Bronchial Epithelium.  Clinical Cancer Research 10:6502-6511, 2004.
  • Chamgoulov, R., Lane, P.M., MacAulay, C.:  Optical computed-tomography microscope for three-dimensional quantitative histology. Cellular Oncology, (26)5-6:319-327, 2004.
  • Nath, A., Rivoire, K., Chang, S., West, L, Cantor, S., Basen-Engquist, K., Adler-Stortz, K., Cox, D., Atkinson, N., Staerkel, G., MacAulay, C., Richards-Kortum, R., Follen, M.:  A Pilot Study for a Screening Trial of Cervical Fluorescence Spectroscopy. Int J of Gynecological Cancer, 14(6):1097-1107, 2004.

2003

  • Drezek, R., Guillaud, M., Collier, T., Boiko, I., Mapica, A., MacAulay, C., Follen, M., Richards-Kortum, R.:  Light Scattering from Cervical Cellls Throughout Neoplastic Progression-Influence of Nuclear Morphology, DNA Content, & Chromatin Texture.  J of Biomed Optics 8(1):7-16, 2003.
  • Benavides, J.M., Chang, S., Park, S.Y., Richards-Kortum, R., MacKinnon, N., MacAulay, C., Milbourne, A., Malpica, A., and Follen, M.:  Multispectral digital colposcopy for in vivo detection of cervical cancer.  Optics Express 11(10):1223-1236, 2003.
  • Swartz, R., West, L., Boiko, I., Malpica, A., MacAulay, C., Carraro, A., Guillaud, M., Cox, D., Follen, M.:  Use of nuclear morphometry characteristics to distinguish between normal and abnormal cervical glandular histologies. Anal Cell Pathol 25(4):193-200, 2003.
  • Sun, X.R., Zheng, Y., MacAulay, C., Lam, S., Doudkine, A., Palcic, B.:  In Vitro Model for Studying Malignancy Associated Changes:  Anal Cell Pathol 25(2):95-102, 2003.
  • Lam, S., Xu, X-C., Parker-Klein, H., leRiche, J.C., MacAulay, C., Guillaud, M., Coldman, A., Gazdar, A., Lotan, R.:  Surrogate endpoint biomarker analysis in a retinol chemoprevention trial in current and former smokers with bronchial dysplasia.  Int J Oncol 23:1607-1613, 2003.
  • Sokolov, K., Gillenwater, Follen, M., MacAulay, C., Descour, Richards-Kortum, R.:  Optical Systems for In Vivo Imaging.  Technology in Cancer Research and Treatment, 2(6):491-504, 2003.
  • Ishkanian, A., Malloff, C., Watson, S., deLeeuw, R., Chi, B., Coe, B., Snijders, A., Albertson, D., Pinkel, D., Marra, M., Ling, V., MacAulay, C., Lam, W.:  A Tiling Resolution DNA Microarray with Complete Coverage of the Human Genome. Nature Genetics, 36(3):299-303, 2003.
  • Chi, B., DeLeeuw, R., Coe, B., MacAulay, C., Lam, W.L.:  See GH - A software tool for the visualization of whole genome array CGH data.  BMC Bioinformatics 5:13, 2003.

2002

  • Zeng, H., Korbelik, M., McLean, D.I., MacAulay, C., Lui, H.:  Monitoring photoproduct formation and photobleaching by fluorescence spectropscopy has the potential to improve PDT dosimetry.  Photochem Photobiol 75(4): 398-405, 2002.
  • Lam, S., MacAulay, C.E., LeRiche, J.C., D’Yachkova, Y., Coldman, A., Guillaud, M., Hawk, E., Christen, M.O., Gazdar AF.  A Randomized Phase IIb Trial of Anethiole Dithiolethione in Smokers with Bronchial Dysplasia. J Nat Cancer Institute  94(13):1001-1009, 2002.
  • MacAulay, C., Richards-Kortum, R., Utzinger, U., Fedyk, A., Atkinson, N., Cox., D., Follen, M.:  Variation of Fluorescence Spectroscopy during the Menstrual Cycle.  Optics Express 10(12):493-504, 2002.
  • Palcic B, Garner DM, Beveridge J, Sun XR, Doudkine A, MacAulay C, Lam S, Payne PW. Increase of sensitivity of sputum cytology using high-resolution image cytometry: field study results. Cytometry (Clinical Cytometry) 50:168-176, 2002.
  • McWilliams, A., MacAulay, C., Gazdar, A., Lam, S.:  Innovative molecular and imaging approaches for the detection of lung cancer and its precursor lesions. Oncogene 21:6949-6959, 2002.
  • Chang, S.K., Follen, M., Malpica, A., Utzinger, U., Staerkel, G., Cox, D., Atkinson, E.N., MacAulay, C., Richards-Kortum, R.:  Optimal Excitation Wavelengths for Discrimination of Cervical Neoplasia.  IEEE Trans Biomed Eng, 49(10):1102-1111, 2002.

2001

  • Dreyer, T, Knoblauch, I, Doudkine, A, MacAulay, C.E, Garner D, Palcic B, Popella C.: Nuclear texture features for classifying benign vs. dysplastic or malignant squamous epithelium of the larynx. Anal Quant Cytol Histol 23(3):193-200, June 2001.

2000

  • Lam S, MacAulay C, LeRiche JC, Palcic B.  Detection and Localization of early lung cancer by fluorescence bronchoscopy.  Cancer (supp) 89:2468-2473, 2000.
  • Dreyer, T., Knoblauch, I., Garner, D., Doudkine, A., MacAulay, C., Palcic, B., Popella, C.:  Specific changes of chromatin structure in nuclei of normal epithelium adjacent to laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.  A preliminary study on 82 cases.  Anal Cell Pathol 20:141-150, 2000.
  • Lane, P.M., Dlugan, A., Richards-Kortum, R. and MacAulay, C.:  Fiber-optic confocal microendoscopy using a spatial light modulator.  Optics Letter, 25:1780-1782, December 2000.

 Book Chapters

  • Poh, C.F., Lane, P., MacAulay, C., Zhang, L., Rosin, M.:  The application of tissue autofluorescence in detection and management of oral cancer and premalignant lesions. In: Optical Imaging of Cancer: Enhancing Detection and Resection, Zinn, KR and Rosenthal, EL (eds), Springer Science and Business Media pp.101-18, 2009.
  • Buys TPH, Wilson IM, Coe BP, Lockwood WW, Davies JJ, Chari R, DeLeeuw RJ, Shadeo A, MacAulay C, Lam WL.  “Key Features of Bacterial Artificial Chromosome Microarray Production and Use” in DNA Microarrays (Methods Express Series) (Schena M, ed.), Scion Publishing, Ltd.  Bloxham, Oxfordshire, 7:115-145, 2008.
  • Kuo, A., Wilson, I.M., Vucic, E., Lee, E., Davies, J.J., MacAulay, C., Brown, C., Lam, W.:  Comparative cancer epigenomics. IN Comparative Genomics:  Basic and Applied Research.  James R. Brown (ed.) CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Publisher, 14:261-279, 2008.
  • MacAulay, C., Lane, P., Richards-Kortum, R.:  In Vivo Pathology: Microendoscopy as a New Endoscopic Imaging Modality. GI Endoscopy Clinics of North America on "Optical Biopsy" 14:595-620, 2004.
  • Zeng, H. and MacAulay C., "Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Imaging for Skin Cancer Detection and Evaluation". In: Fluorescence in Biomedicine,  M. Mycek and B.W. Pogue (eds.),pp.315-360, Marcel Dekker, USA, April 2003.
  • Lam, S., MacAulay, C., leRiche, J., Gazdar, A.F.: Key Issues in Lung Chemoprevention Trial of New Agents.  IN: Recent Results in Cancer Research, Vol. 163. Senn H-J, Morant R, EDs. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 2003; pp 183-195.